The Directive Principles of State Policy (DPSP) in the Indian Constitution provide guidelines and principles for the government to follow in shaping its policies and legislation. The basic rationale behind the DPSP can be understood as follows:
- Social and Economic Justice: One of the primary rationales behind the DPSP is to promote social and economic justice in society. The DPSP seeks to establish a just and equitable social order by addressing issues related to poverty, inequality, and economic disparities. It emphasizes the importance of reducing the gap between the rich and the poor.
- Welfare State: The DPSP envisions India as a welfare state that is committed to the welfare and well-being of its citizens. It emphasizes the state’s role in ensuring the social, economic, and political welfare of the people. This includes provisions for healthcare, education, employment, and social security.
- Democratic Governance: The DPSP supports the principles of democratic governance. It emphasizes the importance of democratic institutions and procedures, ensuring that power is exercised in a manner that is consistent with the democratic values of the Indian Constitution. This includes provisions for free and fair elections and political representation.
- Protection of Weaker Sections: The DPSP aims to protect the interests of vulnerable and marginalized sections of society, including Scheduled Castes, Scheduled Tribes, and other disadvantaged groups. It seeks to uplift these sections through affirmative action and measures that promote social inclusion.
- International Relations: The DPSP also considers India’s role in the international arena. It encourages the state to promote international peace and cooperation and to adhere to principles of international law and justice.
- Harmonizing Fundamental Rights: While the DPSP are not enforceable in a court of law, they are meant to complement and harmonize with the fundamental rights guaranteed to citizens in Part III of the Constitution. It provides a balance between individual rights and the collective welfare of society.
- Guiding Principles: The DPSP serve as guiding principles for the government in formulating policies and legislation. While not legally binding, they provide a moral and ethical framework for governance and serve as a roadmap for achieving the ideals of the Preamble, such as justice, liberty, equality, and fraternity.
In essence, the DPSP reflect the commitment of the Indian state to create a just, equitable, and welfare-oriented society where the well-being of its citizens is paramount. They acknowledge that achieving these objectives may take time and resources and that the state should work toward their realization progressively.