The sphere of urban influence is a concept used in urban geography to describe the area surrounding a city that is economically, socially, and culturally influenced by that city. This area can extend far beyond the physical boundaries of the city itself and is often referred to as the city’s hinterland.
The sphere of urban influence can be divided into three main zones:
- The Central Business District (CBD): The CBD is the heart of the city and the focus of its economic activity. It is typically characterized by high-density development, a mix of land uses, and a concentration of retail, office, and other commercial activities. The CBD is the most densely populated area in the city and is home to a wide range of businesses and institutions.
- The Suburban Ring: The suburban ring surrounds the CBD and is characterized by low-density development, a mix of land uses, and a concentration of residential areas. This area is often home to middle- and upper-class families who commute to the CBD for work.
- The Rural-Urban Fringe: The rural-urban fringe is the area beyond the suburban ring that is still influenced by the city. This area is often characterized by a mix of agricultural and residential land uses, as well as commercial and industrial activities that are attracted by the proximity to the city. The rural-urban fringe is often the site of suburbanization and urban sprawl.
The size and shape of the sphere of urban influence can vary depending on a variety of factors, including the size of the city, the density of the population, and the extent of its economic, social, and cultural influence. Understanding the sphere of urban influence is important for urban planners and policymakers, as it can help to guide decisions about the allocation of resources, the provision of services, and the development of urban areas.