Q1. Why did Gandhiji stop the Non-Cooperation Movement ?
(a) Because of Gandhi-Irwin Pact
(b) Because the mob turned violent
(c) Because he was ordered to do so by the Britishers
(d) Because he did not like to continue the movement
(UPSC Prelims 1981)
Answer: (b) Because the mob turned violent
Explanation: Gandhiji called off the Non-Cooperation Movement in 1922 after the Chauri Chaura incident, where a violent mob killed policemen. Gandhi believed in strict non-violence, and the incident violated the movement’s core principles.
Q2. Which of the following periods can be considered as the era of mass revolution ?
(a) 1856–1885 A.D.
(b) 1757–1857 A.D.
(c) 1920–1947 A.D.
(d) 1901–1919 A.D.
(UPSC Prelims 1981)
Answer: (c) 1920–1947 A.D.
Explanation: The period from 1920 to 1947 saw widespread mass movements like Non-Cooperation, Civil Disobedience, and Quit India, involving millions of Indians. It marked the transition from elite-led politics to mass participation in the freedom struggle.