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907 Questions Page 1 of 37
1
Consider the following with regard to India's biodiversity conservation:

  1. India uses market-based instruments
  2. Biodiversity conservation is linked to livelihoods
  3. Environmental policies ignore global frameworks
  4. Climate finance involves international cooperation

Which of the above are correct?

Options:
OPSC Prelims 2025 Environment & Ecology
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2
Match the following (Panchayati Raj Committees & Acts):

Column IColumn II
a. Balwant Rai Mehta Committee1. Recommended three-tier system
b. Ashok Mehta Committee2. Suggested two-tier system
c. 73rd Constitutional Amendment3. Constitutional status to Panchayats
d. L.M. Singhvi Committee4. Recommended Gram Sabha importance

Options:
OPSC Prelims 2025 Indian Polity & Local Governance
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3
Which type of public policy is when individual self-interest and rational choice shape political decisions and policy outcomes?
OPSC Prelims 2025 Public Administration & Public Policy
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4
In respect of Anti-defection Law, which of the following statements are NOT correct?

  1. Anti-defection Law is found in the 9th Schedule of the Indian Constitution.
  2. Elected Members who were not initially set up by a Party but later join one Party face disqualification.
  3. Nominated members face disqualification if they join a Political Party after Six months from the date they take their seat.
  4. The Supreme Court is empowered to make rules for giving effect to the Anti-defection Law.

Select the correct code:
OPSC Prelims 2025 Indian Polity & Governance
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5
Consider the following statements with respect to privileges of members of Parliament:

  1. Privileges would not be fettered by Art. 19 (1) (a) of Indian Constitution.
  2. Privileges must be read subject to the Articles 20-22 and Art. 32 of the Constitution.
  3. Immunity is available in relation to both Civil and Criminal prosecution.
  4. Immunity is available in relation to Freedom of Speech even in his/her private or personal capacity.

How many of the above statement(s) is/are true?
OPSC Prelims 2025 Indian Polity & Governance
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6
Harishpur, the region of the first British settlement, is located in:
OPSC Prelims 2025 Odisha History
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7
When did Ganjam come under the British control?
OPSC Prelims 2025 Odisha History
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8
The Mughal school of painting is characterised by:

  1. Miniature paintings
  2. Excellency in portrait painting and color composition
  3. Keen appreciation of nature
  4. Democratic and popular in content
  5. Courtly and aristocratic in content
  6. Secular and materialistic
  7. Spiritual and mystic

Choose the answer from the codes below:
OPSC Prelims 2025 Medieval Indian History & Art
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9
Arrange the following events of the reign of Muhammad bin Tughlaq chronologically:

  1. Increased the taxes of the Doab region
  2. Shifted the capital from Delhi to Daulatabad
  3. Planned the expedition of Khorasan
  4. Introduction of token currency

Choose the correct answer from the following:
OPSC Prelims 2025 Medieval Indian History
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10
Consider the following statements about affirmative action and reservation policies in India and Odisha:

  1. The 103rd Constitutional Amendment Act provides for 10% reservation for Economically Weaker Sections (EWS) and Odisha has implemented this with a creamy layer exclusion based on annual income (8 lakh).
  2. The Supreme Court's judgement in Janhit Abhiyan v. Union of India (2022) upheld EWS reservation but held that it cannot be applied as a sub-quota within SC/ST reservations.
  3. Odisha's State Reservation Policy of OBCs uses the "double creamy layer" concept (income + occupation), excluding certain professional categories regardless of income.
  4. Reservation for persons with disabilities in Odisha's panchayat elections is calculated as a percentage of total seats, not population, leading to under-representation.

How many of the above statement(s) is/are correct?
OPSC Prelims 2025 Indian Polity & Social Justice
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11
Consider the following statements regarding the 16th Finance Commission's (FC 16) recommendations for the period 2026-31:

  1. FC 16 retained the vertical share of states in the divisible pool of central taxes at 41%, the same as recommended by the 15th Finance Commission.
  2. The Commission introduced a new "Contribution to GDP" criterion with a weight of 10%, replacing the "tax and fiscal efforts" criterion used by the 15th Finance Commission.
  3. FC 16 discontinued revenue deficit grants (also known as revenue need grants) under Article 275, which were recommended by previous Finance Commissions.
  4. The Commission recommended that states should reduce the fiscal deficit to 2.5% of GSDP by 2030-31, while the Centre should target 3.5% of GDP.

Which of the above statements are correct?
OPSC Prelims 2025 Indian Economy & Fiscal Policy
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12
With reference to the import profile of Odisha (2023-2024), particularly in relation to its industrial and energy requirements, match List-I with List-II:

List-I (Import Category)List-II (Major Source Regions/Countries)
(a) Coking Coal1. West Asian countries such as UAE, Saudi Arabia and Iraq
(b) Crude Oil and Petroleum2. Australia, Indonesia and South Africa
(c) Heavy Machinery and Electronics3. China, Germany, Japan and the United States of America
(d) Fertilisers4. China, Russia and Oman

Select the correct answer using the code given below:
OPSC Prelims 2025 Economy of Odisha
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13
Consider the following statements marked as Assertion (A) and Reason (R) and select the correct option using the codes given below:

Assertion (A): The Eastern Ghats region of Odisha is part of the ancient Gondwanaland landmass and represents a stable peninsular shield structure.
Reason (R): The region is predominantly composed of Precambrian crystalline and metamorphic rocks that have undergone limited tectonic disturbance.

Which of the following is correct?
OPSC Prelims 2025 Geography of Odisha
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14
Consider the following statements regarding Footloose Industries:

  1. They are highly dependent on the availability of bulky raw materials at specific locations.
  2. They can be located over a wide range of regions due to minimal locational constraints.
  3. Access to transport and communication networks influences their locational choice.

Which of the statements given above is/are NOT correct?
OPSC Prelims 2025 Human & Economic Geography
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15
Consider the following statements marked as Assertion (A) and Reason (R) and select the correct option using the codes given below:

Assertion (A): El Niño events are often associated with weaker southwest monsoon rainfall over India.
Reason (R): El Niño leads to warming of sea surface temperatures in the eastern Pacific, which disturbs the normal Walker circulation.

Select the correct code:
OPSC Prelims 2025 Geography
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16
PET (Polyethylene Terephthalate) bottles are widely used for carbonated drinks and water. Why are these bottles generally intended for 'single-use' rather than long-term refilling?
OPSC Prelims 2025 General Science & Chemistry in Everyday Life
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17
Astronomers observe that the Sun "wobbles" or moves in a complex path rather than remaining perfectly stationary in our solar system. What is the primary reason for this motion?
OPSC Prelims 2025 General Science & Astronomy
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18
With reference to the thematic coverage of the Seven Chakras of India-AI Impact Summit 2026, consider the following statements:

  1. Human capital is one of the key themes.
  2. Social good is part of the Chakras.
  3. Inclusion, trust and resilience are central to the Chakras.

Select the correct answer from the codes given below:
OPSC Prelims 2025 Current Affairs & Digital Technology
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19
"Forum shopping" refers to:
OPSC Prelims 2025 Indian Polity & Governance
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20
Maiden salvo launch of Naval Anti-ship Missile-Short Range (NASM-SR) was conducted at ITR Chandipur recently. Which of the following is NOT true about the launch?

  1. Two missiles were launched in quick succession from the same fighter jet.
  2. Developed by Tata Advance System in collaboration with other DRDO laboratories.
  3. It has a Jet-vane control system developed indigenously.

Select the correct answer from the codes given below:
OPSC Prelims 2025 Science & Technology & Defense
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21
Consider the following statement about King Rajendra Chola I:

  1. He assumed the title of Kadaram Kondan.
  2. He conquered the Khmer Empire.
  3. He promoted local self governance.
  4. He was succeeded by son Rajendra II.

How many of the above is/are true?
OPSC Prelims 2025 Ancient & Medieval Indian History
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22
Consider the following statements:

  1. Biodiversity includes diversity at genetic, species and ecosystem levels.
  2. The term biodiversity was popularised by Edward Wilson.
  3. Biodiversity refers only to species diversity.

Which of the above statements are correct?
OPSC Prelims 2025 Environment & Ecology
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23
With reference to fly ash management and utilisation in India, consider the following statements:

  1. Unscientific disposal of fly ash can lead to land degradation and ecological risks due to toxic elements and particulate matter.
  2. Thermal power plants in India are mandated to achieve 100% fly ash utilisation within a specified timeframe.
  3. The majority of fly ash in India is utilised in the cement industry.
  4. More than 300 million tonnes of fly ash was gainfully used in 2024-25.

How many of the above statements is/are correct?
OPSC Prelims 2025 Environment & Ecology
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24
The Assam State Assembly Election was held recently with newly delimited constituencies. Consider the following statement with respect to this delimitation process:

  1. The delimitation was conducted by the Election Commission of India in 2022-23 on the basis of the 2001 census figure.
  2. Prior to this, the Constituencies were constituted as per the Delimitation Order of 1976.
  3. Section 8A of the Representation People's Act, 1950 provides for special provision for delimitation for Assembly Constituencies of Assam, Manipur, Nagaland and Arunachal Pradesh.
  4. SC assembly seats have increased from 8 to 9 and ST assembly seats have increased from 16 to 19.

How many of the above statement(s) is/are true?
OPSC Prelims 2025 Indian Polity & Governance
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25
Consider the following Statement (S) and Explanation (E):

Statement (S): Not all rights-based laws lead to equitable outcomes.
Explanation (E): Structural inequalities affect access to these rights.

Options:
OPSC Prelims 2025 Indian Polity & Social Justice
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