The United Nations Security Council (UNSC) is one of the six main organs of the United Nations and is responsible for maintaining international peace and security.
- Composition: The UNSC is comprised of 15 members, with 5 permanent members (China, France, Russia, the United Kingdom, and the United States) and 10 non-permanent members elected for two-year terms.
- Powers: The UNSC has the power to make binding decisions that all UN member states are obligated to carry out, under the enforcement provisions of Chapter VII of the UN Charter.
- Decision-Making: Decisions of the UNSC require the affirmative votes of at least 9 of the 15 members, including the concurring votes of all 5 permanent members.
- Role: The UNSC is responsible for addressing threats to international peace and security, such as acts of aggression, civil wars, and terrorism. It also oversees peacekeeping operations and sanctions against countries or groups that threaten peace.
- Reform: There have been ongoing debates and proposals for UNSC reform, including an increase in the number of permanent and non-permanent members and the expansion of the veto power to include more members.
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