Q1. Mandal Commission report pertains to other
(a) Backward Classes
(b) Minorities
(c) Scheduled Castes
(d) Scheduled Tribes
(UPSC Prelims 1984)
Answer: (a) Backward Classes
Explanation: The Mandal Commission, established in 1979, focused on identifying socially and educationally backward classes in India. Its recommendations led to reservations in government jobs and educational institutions for Other Backward Classes (OBCs) to promote social equity.
Q2. Assertion: Sex ratio in India is in favor of males.
Reason: In females there is a high rate of mortality during maternity.
(a) if A and R both are correct and R is the correct explanation of A
(b) if A and R both are correct but R is not the correct explanation of A
(c) if A is correct and R is incorrect
(d) if A is incorrect and R is correct
(UPSC Prelims 1986)
Answer: (b) if A and R both are correct but R is not the correct explanation of A
Explanation: While India’s sex ratio is skewed towards males, the reason is not solely maternal mortality. Factors like female infanticide and gender bias play a larger role. So, both statements are correct, but R is not the correct explanation.
Q3. If suitable Scheduled Caste/Tribe candidates are not available, the posts
(a) May for the time being be filled by other candidates
(b) Are left vacant
(c) Are filled by Other Backward Classes candidates
(d) None of the above
(UPSC Prelims 1986)
Answer: (a) May for the time being be filled by other candidates
Explanation: If reserved category candidates are not available, the posts may be temporarily filled by general candidates, but must be re-notified for reservation in future recruitment cycles.