| #3751 |
Can you give an example of an amendment requiring state ratification? |
42nd Amendment (1976), 44th Amendment (1978), and 101st Amendment (Goods and Services Tax) |
| #3752 |
Which amendments require special majority and state ratification? |
Amendments affecting federal structure, representation of states, powers of High Courts, or distribution of legislative powers |
| #3753 |
Which amendments require special majority in both Houses? |
Most constitutional amendments, except those requiring state ratification |
| #3754 |
Which amendments require only a simple majority? |
Amendments related to internal procedures of Parliament or government functioning (rare) |
| #3755 |
How many types of Constitutional Amendments exist? |
Three types: (i) Simple majority, (ii) Special majority, (iii) Special majority with state ratification |
| #3756 |
Can amendments change the powers of the judiciary? |
Yes, but within the limits of the Basic Structure Doctrine |
| #3757 |
Can amendments affect the federal structure? |
Yes, but must be ratified by states to preserve the federal balance |
| #3758 |
Can amendments affect Fundamental Rights? |
Yes, but they cannot destroy the basic structure of the Constitution |
| #3759 |
What is the Basic Structure Doctrine? |
The principle that certain features of the Constitution cannot be altered by amendments |
| #3760 |
Can the judiciary review Constitutional Amendments? |
Yes, under the Basic Structure Doctrine established in Kesavananda Bharati case |
| #3761 |
Can the President veto a Constitutional Amendment? |
No, the President must give assent to an amendment passed by Parliament |
| #3762 |
Are all amendments ratified by states? |
No, only amendments affecting federal structure require ratification by at least half of the state legislatures |
| #3763 |
What majority is required to pass a Constitutional Amendment in Parliament? |
A majority of the total membership of each House and a two-thirds majority of members present and voting |
| #3764 |
Can the President of India introduce an amendment? |
No, only members of Parliament can introduce a Bill |
| #3765 |
Who can initiate a Constitutional Amendment? |
The Parliament of India |
| #3766 |
Which Article of the Constitution deals with amendments? |
Article 368 |
| #3767 |
Can these provisions coexist with general constitutional provisions? |
Yes, they are designed to supplement and protect local interests without violating the Constitution |
| #3768 |
Can the judiciary review special provisions? |
Yes, to ensure they are within the constitutional framework |
| #3769 |
Can special provisions safeguard socio-economic development in backward regions? |
Yes, through developmental boards and reserved schemes |
| #3770 |
Can these provisions affect elections and legislative representation? |
Yes, including reserved seats for SCs, STs, and special regions |
| #3771 |
What is the purpose of Article 371J for Telangana? |
Special status for development boards, local reservations, and administrative powers |
| #3772 |
Are these provisions permanent? |
Some are permanent, others can be amended by Parliament |
| #3773 |
Can the President issue directions to protect the identity of local communities? |
Yes, under Articles 371 and related provisions |
| #3774 |
Can special provisions impact governance and legislative powers? |
Yes, certain powers may be reserved for the Governor or local councils |
| #3775 |
Can special provisions include control over land and resources? |
Yes, especially in tribal areas |