Kolleru Lake and Pulicat Lake are two important lakes located in India. These lakes are known for their ecological significance and have been designated as protected areas due to their unique ecosystem and diverse range of flora and fauna. In this article, we will explore the features and importance of Kolleru Lake and Pulicat Lake.
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Kolleru Lake
Kolleru Lake is located in Andhra Pradesh. The lake covers an area of 300 square kilometers and is one of the largest freshwater lakes in India. The lake is situated between the delta of the Krishna and Godavari rivers and is fed by several small tributaries.
The lake is an important habitat for migratory birds, and it is estimated that over 150 species of birds visit the lake during the winter season. Some of the bird species that can be found at Kolleru Lake include pelicans, storks, flamingos, and several species of ducks and geese.
"Kolleru lake is a designated Ramsar site, a wetland of international importance, and is also a National Bird Sanctuary."
Kolleru Lake also supports the livelihood of several communities that live in the surrounding areas. The lake is a rich source of fish and shrimp, which are caught by local fishermen and sold in nearby markets. However, due to overfishing and pollution, the lake’s ecosystem has been under threat, and several conservation measures have been taken to protect the lake’s biodiversity.
Pulicat Lake
Pulicat Lake is located on the border between Andhra Pradesh and Tamil Nadu in southeastern India. The lake covers an area of approximately 500 square kilometers, and it is the second-largest brackish water lake in India. The lake is fed by several small streams and is connected to the Bay of Bengal through a narrow channel.
"Pulicat Lake is located on the Coromandel Coast of India."
Pulicat Lake is an important habitat for several species of birds, including flamingos, pelicans, and herons. The lake is also home to several species of fish, crabs, and prawns, which support the livelihood of local fishermen. The lake’s ecosystem is also important for its role in regulating the groundwater table and preventing soil erosion.
"Pulicat Lake is separated from the Bay of Bengal by the Sriharikota barrier island, where the Satish Dhawan Space Centre is located."
Like Kolleru Lake, Pulicat Lake is also facing several environmental challenges. The lake is heavily polluted due to discharge of industrial effluents and untreated sewage from nearby towns and cities. There have also been instances of illegal sand mining, which has further disrupted the lake’s ecosystem.
Short Note
Kolleru Lake and Pulicat Lake are two of the most important freshwater and brackish water lakes in India, respectively. These lakes are home to several species of birds, fish, and other aquatic life, and they are also important for the livelihood of local communities. However, due to environmental challenges such as pollution and overfishing, these lakes are under threat, and it is essential that conservation measures are taken to protect their unique ecosystem.
Read: Drainage System of India