1. Which of the statements are True?
(i) Octane number increases with chain length.
(ii) Cycloalkanes have higher Octane number than straight chain alkanes.
(iii) Alkenes and aromatic hydrocarbons have higher Octane number than straight chain alkanes.
(iv) Branched chain alkanes have lower octane number than straight chain alkanes.
(A) (i) and (iv)
(B) (i) and (ii)
(C) (ii) and (iii)
(D) (i), (ii), (iii) and (iv)
Answer: (C) (ii) and (iii)
Explanation: Cycloalkanes and aromatic hydrocarbons have higher octane numbers compared to straight-chain alkanes due to their structural stability and resistance to knocking in engines. However, branched-chain alkanes generally have higher octane numbers than straight-chain alkanes, making (ii) and (iii) correct.
2. Match the following hormone with the disorder caused:
(a) Insulin – 1. Cushing’s syndrome
(b) Thyroxine – 2. Diabetes insipidus
(c) Glucocorticoids – 3. Acromegaly
(d) Growth hormone – 4. Goitre
5. Diabetes Mellitus
(A) 5, 1, 2, 3
(B) 2, 4, 3, 1
(C) 5, 4, 1, 3
(D) 2, 4, 1, 3
Answer: (C) 5, 4, 1, 3
Explanation: Insulin is associated with Diabetes Mellitus, Thyroxine with Goitre, Glucocorticoids with Cushing’s syndrome, and Growth hormone with Acromegaly. These disorders are linked to the overproduction or deficiency of the respective hormones.
3. Choose the right matches:
(1) Carotenoid –
(2) Chlorophyll ‘a’ –
(3) Chlorophyll ‘b’ –
(4) Xanthophyll –
(A) (1) and (2) are correct
(B) (3) and (4) are correct
(C) (2) and (3) are correct
(D) (1) and (4) are correct
Answer: (C) (2) and (3) are correct
Explanation: Chlorophyll ‘a’ and Chlorophyll ‘b’ have the correct molecular formulas as
and
, respectively. Carotenoid and Xanthophyll formulas provided are incorrect.
4. The Nobel Prize in Medicine was awarded to Victor Ambros and Gary Ruvkun for their discovery of:
(A) Expression Sequence Tags
(B) Micro RNA
(C) DNA microarray
(D) SNP’s
Answer: (B) Micro RNA
Explanation: Victor Ambros and Gary Ruvkun were awarded the Nobel Prize in Medicine for their discovery of micro RNA, which plays a crucial role in gene regulation and has significant implications in understanding diseases.
5. Which of the following statements are true about crew selection and training for the “Gaganyaan Mission”?
(i) Crews are selected after clinical, psychological, and aeromedical examination.
(ii) Mission-specific training will be conducted at ISRO, Trivandrum.
(iii) Selected astronauts will undergo their generic spaceflight training in Yuri Gagarin Cosmonaut Training Centre, Russia.
(A) (i) and (ii) only
(B) (ii) and (iii) only
(C) (iii) only
(D) (i) and (iii) only
Answer: (D) (i) and (iii) only
Explanation: The crew for the Gaganyaan Mission is selected after rigorous clinical, psychological, and aeromedical examinations. Generic spaceflight training is conducted at the Yuri Gagarin Cosmonaut Training Centre in Russia, while mission-specific training is conducted in India.
6. Which of the following statements are correct about PFAS?
(i) PFAS is per- and polyfluoroalkyl substances.
(ii) It is used in paint industries.
(iii) PFAS are endocrine disruptors.
(A) (i) and (ii) are correct
(B) (ii) and (iii) are correct
(C) (i) and (iii) are correct
(D) (i) only correct
Answer: (C) (i) and (iii) are correct
Explanation: PFAS (per- and polyfluoroalkyl substances) are synthetic chemicals known for their persistence in the environment and potential health risks. They are endocrine disruptors but are not commonly used in paint industries.
7. The biological oxygen demand is the amount of dissolved oxygen required by ______ in water.
(A) Microbes
(B) Plants
(C) Animals
(D) Seaweeds
Answer: (A) Microbes
Explanation: Biological oxygen demand (BOD) measures the amount of oxygen required by microorganisms to decompose organic matter in water. It is an indicator of water pollution levels.
8. Which of the following is the first Indian Geo-Stationary Satellite?
(A) INSAT 3D
(B) LANDSAT 8
(C) IKONOS 1
(D) QUICK BIRD
Answer: (A) INSAT 3D
Explanation: INSAT 3D is India’s first geostationary satellite, designed for meteorological observations and data relay. It plays a crucial role in weather forecasting and disaster warning.
9. Who among the following tribes act as cattle keepers?
(A) Dhimor
(B) Kewats
(C) Rawats
(D) Bhils
Answer: (C) Rawats
Explanation: The Rawats are traditionally known as cattle keepers, particularly in regions of India where pastoralism is a significant part of their livelihood.
10. Assertion [A]: Development of a nation depends on infrastructure facilities.
Reason [R]: Transport and communication are the backbone of economic development.
(A) [A] and [R] is true and [R] is the correct explanation for [A]
(B) [A] is true but [R] is false
(C) [A] and [R] are true but [R] is not the correct explanation of [A]
(D) Both [A] and [R] are not correct
Answer: (A) [A] and [R] is true and [R] is the correct explanation for [A]
Explanation: Infrastructure facilities, including transport and communication, are essential for economic growth and development. They facilitate trade, connectivity, and overall progress, making them the backbone of a nation’s development.
11. Match correctly the river and its places of rises:
(a) The Krishna – 4. Sahyadris
(b) The Alaknanda – 1. Garwal Tibet border
(c) The Gandak – 2. Central Himalayas
(d) The Brahmaputra – 3. Tibet
(A) 3, 2, 4, 1
(B) 1, 4, 2, 3
(C) 2, 1, 3, 4
(D) 4, 1, 2, 3
Answer: (D) 4, 1, 2, 3
Explanation: The Krishna River originates in the Sahyadris, the Alaknanda in the Garwal Tibet border, the Gandak in the Central Himalayas, and the Brahmaputra in Tibet. These origins are geographically accurate.
12. Arrange the following events in chronological order:
(i) Ahmedabad Mill Strike
(ii) Champaran Satyagraha
(iii) Kheda Satyagraha
(iv) Rowlatt Satyagraha
(A) (ii), (i), (iii), (iv)
(B) (iv), (iii), (ii), (i)
(C) (i), (ii), (iii), (iv)
(D) (iii), (ii), (i), (iv)
Answer: (C) (i), (ii), (iii), (iv)
Explanation: The Ahmedabad Mill Strike occurred first, followed by the Champaran Satyagraha, Kheda Satyagraha, and finally the Rowlatt Satyagraha. This sequence reflects the historical timeline of these events.
13. How did education contribute to the Indian Renaissance?
(i) Contributed Growth of Money
(ii) Promoting scientific learning
(iii) Promoted social and cultural progress
(A) (i) only
(B) (ii) and (iii) only
(C) (ii) only
(D) (i) and (iii) only
Answer: (B) (ii) and (iii) only
Explanation: Education during the Indian Renaissance played a significant role in promoting scientific learning and fostering social and cultural progress. It helped in the spread of modern ideas and the questioning of traditional practices, which were essential for societal transformation.
14. Match the following:
(a) Peshwa – 1. Foreign Secretary
(b) Amatya – 2. Chief Minister
(c) Sachiva – 3. Finance Minister
(d) Sumant – 4. Superintendent
(A) 1, 2, 3, 4
(B) 1, 4, 2, 3
(C) 2, 3, 4, 1
(D) 3, 2, 1, 4
Answer: (C) 2, 3, 4, 1
Explanation: In the Maratha administration, Peshwa was the Chief Minister, Amatya was the Finance Minister, Sachiva was the Superintendent, and Sumant was the Foreign Secretary. These roles were integral to the efficient functioning of the Maratha Empire.
15. Choose the right matches among type:
(a) ‘Indian World’ Journal – 1. J.S. Buckingham
(b) ‘Telegraph’ Journal – 2. Charles MacLean
(c) ‘Bengal Kirkaru’ Journal – 3. Mekenly
(d) ‘Calcutta’ Journal – 4. Duane
(A) 4, 3, 2, 1
(B) 2, 3, 1, 4
(C) 3, 1, 4, 2
(D) 1, 4, 2, 3
Answer: (B) 2, 3, 1, 4
Explanation: The ‘Indian World’ Journal was associated with Charles MacLean, the ‘Telegraph’ Journal with Mekenly, the ‘Bengal Kirkaru’ Journal with J.S. Buckingham, and the ‘Calcutta’ Journal with Duane. These journals played a crucial role in disseminating information during the colonial period.
16. Assertion [A]: Cinema was becoming popular in the 1940s.
Reason [R]: Anna could achieve his ideals through Cinema Artists.
(A) [A] is true but [R] is false
(B) Both [A] and [R] are true; and [R] is the correct explanation of [A]
(C) [A] is false but [R] is true
(D) Both [A] and [R] are true, but [R] is not the correct explanation of [A]
Answer: (D) Both [A] and [R] are true, but [R] is not the correct explanation of [A]
Explanation: Cinema gained immense popularity in the 1940s as a medium of entertainment and communication. While Anna used cinema artists to propagate his ideals, this was not the primary reason for cinema’s popularity during that era.
17. Which one of the following is correctly matched?
(A) Champaran Agitation – Bal Gangadhar Tilak
(B) Ghadar Party – Lala Hardayal
(C) Ganapathy Festival – Annie Besant
(D) Home Rule Movement – Gandhiji
Answer: (B) Ghadar Party – Lala Hardayal
Explanation: Lala Hardayal was a prominent leader of the Ghadar Party, which aimed to overthrow British rule in India. The Champaran Agitation was led by Gandhiji, the Ganapathy Festival was popularized by Bal Gangadhar Tilak, and the Home Rule Movement was led by Annie Besant.
18. In Tuticorin, Tamil Nadu, Subramaniya Siva campaigned for a strike in 1908.
(A) March – April
(B) February – March
(C) January – February
(D) April – May
Answer: (B) February – March
Explanation: Subramaniya Siva, a prominent freedom fighter, campaigned for a strike in Tuticorin during February and March of 1908 to protest against British policies and support the Swadeshi movement.
19. Which of the following statements are true?
(i) The National Population Policy was promulgated in April 1976.
(ii) Included provisions for health care, nutrition, and more stress on education for girls.
(iii) The goal was an eventual average family size of two children.
(A) (i) only correct
(B) (i) and (ii) only correct
(C) (ii) and (iii) only correct
(D) (i), (ii), and (iii) correct
Answer: (D) (i), (ii), and (iii) correct
Explanation: The National Population Policy of 1976 aimed to address population growth by focusing on health care, nutrition, and education, particularly for girls, with the ultimate goal of achieving an average family size of two children.
20. Who founded the Satya Shodak Samaj in 1873?
(A) Jyoti Rao Phule
(B) Sri Narayana Guru
(C) Pandita Ramabai
(D) Dayananda Saraswati
Answer: (A) Jyoti Rao Phule
Explanation: Jyoti Rao Phule founded the Satya Shodak Samaj in 1873 to promote social equality and fight against caste discrimination. The organization worked to uplift the oppressed classes and ensure their rights.
21. Which among the following was the first Christian Ashram established in South?
(A) C.F. Ashram at Pachalur
(B) Christukula Ashram at Tiruppatur
(C) Zion Prayer Center at Madurai
(D) Dyana Ashram at Chennai
Answer: (B) Christukula Ashram at Tiruppatur
Explanation: Christukula Ashram at Tiruppatur was the first Christian Ashram established in South India. It aimed to integrate Christian teachings with Indian cultural and spiritual practices.
22. The Talaikota Battle was also called as
(A) Toppur Battle
(B) Rakahasi – Tangadi Battle
(C) Battle of Rajagambira Rajyam
(D) Battle of Kannanur Kuppam
Answer: (B) Rakahasi – Tangadi Battle
Explanation: The Battle of Talaikota, also known as the Rakahasi-Tangadi Battle, was fought in 1565 between the Vijayanagara Empire and the Deccan Sultanates. It marked the decline of the Vijayanagara Empire.
23. Shivaji was crowned as an independent king at
(A) Raigad
(B) Surat
(C) Ahmedabad
(D) Poona
Answer: (A) Raigad
Explanation: Shivaji was crowned as an independent king at Raigad in 1674. This event marked the establishment of the Maratha Empire.
24. In the Indus Valley civilization, the major commodities in internal trade consist of
(1) Cotton
(2) Lumber
(3) Grain and foodstuffs
(4) Livestock
(A) (1), (2), (3) only correct
(B) (1), (2), (4) only correct
(C) (1), (2), (3), (4) correct
(D) (1), (4) only correct
Answer: (C) (1), (2), (3), (4) correct
Explanation: The Indus Valley civilization engaged in internal trade involving cotton, lumber, grain, foodstuffs, and livestock. These commodities were essential for their economy and daily life.
25. Which is/are the aims of a sound “Theosophical Society”?
(i) Believes in Karma, Yoga, and Indian Philosophy.
(ii) Universal spiritual brotherhood.
(iii) To protect the society from evil practices.
(A) (i) only correct
(B) (ii) and (iii) only correct
(C) (i) and (ii) only correct
(D) (ii) only correct
Answer: (C) (i) and (ii) only correct
Explanation: The Theosophical Society aimed to promote universal spiritual brotherhood and believed in Karma, Yoga, and Indian Philosophy. It sought to bridge the gap between science, religion, and philosophy.
26. Assertion [A]: The zonal councils owe their origin to the constitution.
Reason [R]: The zonal councils are the logical outcome of the reorganization of states on a linguistic basis.
(A) [A] and [R] are correct; and [R] is the correct explanation for [A]
(B) [A] and [R] are correct; and [R] is not the correct explanation for [A]
(C) [A] is correct; [R] is wrong
(D) [A] is wrong; [R] is correct
Answer: (B) [A] and [R] are correct; and [R] is not the correct explanation for [A]
Explanation: The zonal councils were established under the States Reorganization Act of 1956 to promote inter-state cooperation. While the linguistic reorganization of states played a role in their emergence, it was not a constitutional provision, hence [A] is incorrect in that context.
27. Sexual Harassment of Women at Workplace Act was enacted in the year
(A) 2013
(B) 2017
(C) 2014
(D) 2016
Answer: (A) 2013
Explanation: The Sexual Harassment of Women at Workplace (Prevention, Prohibition, and Redressal) Act was enacted in 2013. It aims to ensure a safe and secure working environment for women and lays down procedures for complaint redressal.
28. Arrange the following events in chronological order:
- Golaknath v/s State of Punjab
- Keshvananda Bharati v/s State of Kerala
- Minerva Mills Ltd. v/s State of India
- A.K. Gopalan v/s State of Madras
(A) 1, 2, 3, 4
(B) 3, 4, 1, 2
(C) 4, 1, 2, 3
(D) 1, 3, 2, 4
Answer: (C) 4, 1, 2, 3
Explanation: The correct chronological order is:
- A.K. Gopalan v/s State of Madras (1950)
- Golaknath v/s State of Punjab (1967)
- Keshvananda Bharati v/s State of Kerala (1973)
- Minerva Mills Ltd. v/s State of India (1980)
These were landmark cases in Indian constitutional history.
29. Match correctly with the Suitable Act:
(a) Preventive Detention Act (PDA) in India
(b) The National Emergencies Act was signed into law by President Gerald Ford
(c) The Indo-Pakistan war
(d) Conservation of Foreign Exchange and Prevention of Smuggling Activities Act
(A) 2, 1, 4, 3
(B) 1, 4, 3, 2
(C) 3, 4, 1, 2
(D) 1, 2, 3, 4
Answer: (C) 3, 4, 1, 2
Explanation:
- Preventive Detention Act – 1950
- COFEPOSA Act – 1976
- Indo-Pakistan War – 1971
- National Emergencies Act (USA) – 1974
Matching these correctly helps understand national security and legislative history.
30. Consider the following Statements, Choose the correct answer:
(i) January 30th is the Death anniversary of Annal Gandhi Adigal
(ii) January 23rd is the Birth Anniversary of Netaji Subash Chandra Bose
(iii) April 14th is the Birth Anniversary of Annal Ambedkar
(iv) October 13th is the Birth Anniversary of Sardar Vallabhai Patel
(A) (i) and (ii) only correct
(B) (iv) only correct
(C) (iii) only correct
(D) (i), (ii), (iii) only correct
Answer: (D) (i), (ii), (iii) only correct
Explanation:
- January 30 – Death anniversary of Mahatma Gandhi
- January 23 – Birth anniversary of Netaji Subash Chandra Bose
- April 14 – Birth anniversary of Dr. B.R. Ambedkar
- October 31, not 13 – Birth anniversary of Sardar Vallabhbhai Patel
31. A remarkable difference between China and India was observed regarding mass politics around air pollution control. This is because China employs the approach of Historical Institutionalism to control air pollution.
(A) Both [A] and [R] are correct; [R] is the correct explanation of [A]
(B) Both [A] and [R] are correct; [R] is not the correct explanation of [A]
(C) [A] is correct; But [R] is false
(D) [R] is correct; But [A] is false
Answer: (A) Both [A] and [R] are correct; [R] is the correct explanation of [A]
Explanation: The difference between China and India regarding air pollution control stems from China’s use of Historical Institutionalism, which emphasizes long-term strategies and institutional frameworks. This approach has been effective in addressing air pollution challenges.
32. Which of the following are the objectives of Tamil Nadu Safe and Ethical Artificial Intelligence Policy, 2020?
(i) To establish guidelines for the evaluation of AI systems before its rollout for public use
(ii) To provide restricted access to open data, data models, and computing resources
(iii) To promote investments in AI R&D in Tamil Nadu
(A) (i) only
(B) (i) and (iii) only
(C) (i) and (ii) only
(D) (ii) and (iii) only
Answer: (B) (i) and (iii) only
Explanation: The Tamil Nadu Safe and Ethical Artificial Intelligence Policy, 2020, aims to establish guidelines for evaluating AI systems before public use and promote investments in AI research and development. Restricted access to open data is not part of the policy’s objectives.
33. Which is/are the objective(s) of the Right to Information Act, 2005?
(i) RTI empowers citizens, promotes transparency, and accountability in the working of the government.
(ii) The Act is a big step towards making citizens informed about the activities of the government.
(iii) This Act provides the right to access information from public authorities, which is guaranteed under Article 13 of the Constitution.
(A) (i) only
(B) (ii) and (iii) only
(C) (i) and (ii) only
(D) (i) and (iii) only
Answer: (C) (i) and (ii) only
Explanation: The RTI Act, 2005, empowers citizens by promoting transparency and accountability in government operations and ensures citizens are informed about government activities. However, the right to access information is not guaranteed under Article 13 of the Constitution.
34. Which among the following was the first state in India to constitute an institution of Lok Ayukta?
(A) Karnataka
(B) Kerala
(C) Maharashtra
(D) Rajasthan
Answer: (A) Karnataka
Explanation: Karnataka was the first state in India to establish the Lok Ayukta institution in 1984 to address grievances related to corruption and maladministration.
35. Which of the following statements are true about the Election Commission of India?
(i) Conduct elections to Parliament, State Legislatures, and to the office of President and Vice-President
(ii) India’s First Woman Chief Election Commissioner was Ms. V.S. Ramadevi
(iii) India’s first Chief Election Commissioner was Mr. S.P. Sen Varma
(A) (i) only
(B) (i) and (iii) only
(C) (i) and (ii) only
(D) (ii) and (iii) only
Answer: (C) (i) and (ii) only
Explanation: The Election Commission of India conducts elections for Parliament, State Legislatures, and the offices of President and Vice-President. Ms. V.S. Ramadevi was India’s first woman Chief Election Commissioner, but Mr. S.P. Sen Varma was not the first Chief Election Commissioner; Sukumar Sen was the first.