Q1. First Europeans, who started trade with India, were
(a) The Portuguese
(b) The British
(c) The French
(d) The Dutch
(UPSC Prelims 1979)
Answer: (a) The Portuguese
Explanation: The Portuguese, led by Vasco da Gama, were the first Europeans to establish trade links with India in 1498. They set up trading posts and colonies, especially along the western coast, initiating European commercial presence.
Q2. The first among the following to establish trade links with India were
(a) Dutch
(b) French
(c) Portuguese
(d) English
(UPSC Prelims 1983)
Answer: (c) Portuguese
Explanation: The Portuguese, led by Vasco da Gama, were the first Europeans to establish trade links with India in 1498, initiating a period of colonial competition and maritime trade expansion.