Q. What is precision agriculture? Will it be possible in Indian agriculture?
Ans: Precision agriculture is a modern farming approach that uses technology and data analytics to optimize agricultural inputs—such as water, fertilizers, and pesticides—based on site-specific needs. It aims to enhance productivity, sustainability, and resource efficiency by tailoring farm management practices to the variability within fields.
Key Features of Precision Agriculture
- Use of GPS, GIS, and remote sensing to monitor crop health and soil conditions.
- Variable Rate Technology (VRT) for targeted input application.
- IoT-based sensors and drones for real-time data collection.
- Data-driven decision-making using AI and machine learning models.
Feasibility in Indian Agriculture
Yes, precision agriculture is increasingly feasible in India, though its adoption is gradual and uneven.
Enabling Factors
- Government initiatives like Digital Agriculture Mission and support for micro-irrigation.
- Low-cost innovations such as Leaf Colour Charts and mobile-based advisory tools.
- Growing agritech ecosystem with startups offering sensor-based and drone solutions.
- Pilot success stories in states like Tamil Nadu and Maharashtra for high-value crops.
Challenges
- Small and fragmented landholdings limit economies of scale.
- High initial costs and lack of access to credit for small farmers.
- Low digital literacy and limited awareness in rural areas.
- Infrastructure gaps in connectivity and power supply.
In conclusion, precision agriculture holds transformative potential for Indian farming, especially in improving input efficiency and climate resilience. With targeted policy support, capacity building, and scalable innovations, it can become a mainstream practice in India’s agricultural future.
Read: OPSC Notes