The Complex World of Species Interactions Species interactions play a critical role in shaping ecosystems and determining the distribution and abundance of species. These interactions can range from mutualistic, in which both species benefit, to competitive, in which one species benefits at the expense of another. Understanding the complex web of species interactions is essential …
The Complex and Vital Ecosystem of Lakes Lakes are unique and dynamic ecosystems, home to a diverse array of plant and animal species. These bodies of freshwater play a critical role in supporting biodiversity, regulating water cycles, and providing a range of ecosystem services. Understanding the complex relationships and interactions within lake ecosystems is essential …
Phytoplankton: The Tiny Organisms That Play a Big Role in Our Ecosystem Phytoplankton are microscopic, single-celled plants that float in the sunlit surface waters of oceans, lakes, and rivers. These tiny organisms are the primary producers of the aquatic food web and play a critical role in the world’s ecosystem and climate. Phytoplankton convert carbon …
The Ramsar Convention is about Protecting Wetlands Worldwide. Wetlands are some of the most valuable and vulnerable ecosystems on the planet, providing a variety of essential services to both wildlife and human communities. To protect these important habitats, the international community established the Ramsar Convention, an intergovernmental treaty dedicated to the conservation and wise use of …
The Wetlands in India: A Vital Ecosystem Wetlands are some of the most important ecosystems on the planet, providing a variety of crucial services to both wildlife and human communities. In India, wetlands are an integral part of the country’s natural landscape and play a significant role in sustaining the environment and local economy. There …
The Chauri Chaura Incident was a violent episode that occurred during the Non-Cooperation Movement in India in 1922. The incident took place in Chauri Chaura, Uttar Pradesh, where a peaceful protest led by Gandhi’s supporters turned violent, resulting in the death of several police officers. On February 4, 1922, a large crowd of protesters, who …
The Champaran Satyagraha was the first major nonviolent resistance movement led by Mahatma Gandhi in India. The movement took place in the Champaran district of Bihar in 1917 and was aimed at protesting the exploitation of indigo farmers by British plantation owners. The indigo farmers in Champaran were forced to grow indigo on a portion …
Mahatma Gandhi is widely recognized for his leadership in India’s independence movement, but he spent a significant part of his life in South Africa, where he first developed and honed his philosophy of nonviolent resistance. Gandhi arrived in South Africa in 1893 as a young lawyer, and was soon confronted with the realities of racial …
The Moplah Rebellion, also known as the Malabar Rebellion, was a series of uprisings that took place in the Malabar region of present-day Kerala, India between August and December 1921. The rebellion was led by the Moplah, a Muslim community in the region, against the British colonial authorities and Hindu landlords. The rebellion was fueled …
The Khilafat Movement was a political and religious movement in India in the early 20th century, focused on preserving the status of the Ottoman Empire’s Caliphate, or Islamic spiritual leadership. The movement was led by Indian Muslim leaders and was part of a larger non-violent resistance movement against British rule in India. History of Khilafat …