Odisha is located on the eastern coast of India and the Climate of Odisha is Tropical. There are variations in the climatic conditions in different parts of the state. Some of the regions exhibit the Tropical Savanna climatic condition and some other regions have Tropical Monsoon climate. The climatic conditions influenced by its proximity to the Bay of Bengal.
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What is the climate of Odisha?
Odisha experiences a tropical climate, with hot summers and mild winters.
Summer (March to June)
Summers are hot and dry, with temperatures often exceeding 40°C (104°F) in inland areas. Coastal regions experience relatively cooler temperatures due to the moderating influence of the sea.
Monsoon (June to September)
The monsoon season brings heavy rainfall to Odisha, particularly along the coast and in the eastern parts of the state. The southwest monsoon, originating from the Bay of Bengal, is the primary source of rainfall during this season.
"Odisha receives substantial rainfall, primarily during the monsoon season."
Post-Monsoon (October to November)
After the monsoon season, Odisha experiences a transitional period characterized by decreasing rainfall and dropping temperatures. This period marks the onset of the northeast monsoon.
Winter (December to February)
Winters are mild and dry, with temperatures ranging from 10°C to 20°C (50°F to 68°F). In some parts of northern Odisha, temperatures can occasionally drop below 10°C (50°F) during the winter months.
Role of Cyclone
Odisha is prone to cyclonic storms, particularly during the pre-monsoon and post-monsoon seasons. These cyclones, originating in the Bay of Bengal, can bring heavy rainfall, strong winds, and storm surges, causing widespread damage to life and property.
Humidity
Due to its proximity to the Bay of Bengal, Odisha experiences high levels of humidity, especially during the monsoon season. Coastal areas tend to have higher humidity levels compared to inland regions.
Microclimates
Odisha exhibits diverse microclimates due to variations in elevation, proximity to the coast, and local geographical features. For example, the western and northern parts of the state, which are closer to the Eastern Ghats mountain range, tend to be cooler compared to the coastal plains.
Overall, the climate of Odisha is influenced by its coastal location, monsoonal rainfall, cyclonic activity, and diverse geographical features, making it a region of climatic contrasts and variability.